Zoos Involved in Reintroductions

Golden Lion Tamarin Reintroduction may be the most internationally collaborative program in the history of animal conservation.

Forty-three institutions, including 41 zoos, one primate center, and one university research colony, were home to the 146 captive-born golden lion tamarins that were reintroduced to the wild in Brazil between 1984 and 2001. Some were born at and spent their whole lives in one institution, and some were transferred once or twice before entering the reintroduction program.

These institutions were located in eight countries on three continents, making this reintroduction arguably the most collaborative, international conservation effort in history.

The institutions (some of which no longer exist) were: Apenheul Primate Park (Apeldoorn, Netherlands), Audubon Park & Zoological Garden (New Orleans, Louisiana), Belfast Zoological Gardens (Belfast, Ireland), Brandywine Zoo (Wilmington, Delaware), Chicago Zoological Society/Brookfield Zoo (Brookfield, Illinois), Cohanzik Zoo (Bridgeton, New Jersey), Denver Zoological Society (Denver, Colorado), Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust (Jersey, Channel Islands), El Paso Zoo (El Paso, Texas), Fort Worth Zoo (Fort Worth, Texas), Henry Doorley Zoo (Omaha, Nebraska), Hogle Zoological Gardens (Salt Lake City, Utah), Honolulu Zoo (Honolulu, Hawaii), Kings, Island (Mason, Ohio), Lincoln Children’s Zoo (Omaha, Nebraska), Los Angeles Zoo (Los Angeles, California), Marwell Zoological Park (Winchester, U.K.), Mill Mountain Zoo (Roanoke, Virginia), Milwaukee County Zoological Gardens (Milwaukee, Wisconsin), Monkey Jungle (Miami, Florida), Oklahoma City Zoo (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma), Paignton Zoo (Paignton, U.K.), Penscynor Wildlife Park (Neath, U.K.), Potowatomi Zoo (South Bend, Indiana), Rio de Janeiro Primate Center (Guapimirim, Brazil), Riverbanks Zoo (Columbia, South Carolina), San Antonio Zoological Gardens & Aquarium (San Antonio, Texas), Sedgwick County Zoo (Wichita, Kansas), Skansen-Akvariet (Stockholm, Sweden), Smithsonian National Zoological Park (Washington, D.C.), Sunset Zoo (Manhattan, Kansas), Tulsa Zoo (Tulsa, Oklahoma), University of Nebraska (Omaha, Nebraska), Washington Park Zoo (Portland, Oregon), Wyld Court (U.K.), Zoo Atlanta (Atlanta, Georgia), Zoo Emmen (Emmen, Netherlands), Zoo Frankfurt (Frankfurt, Germany), Zoo La Palmyre (Les Mathes, France), Zoo Wuppertal (Wuppertal, Germany), Zoologischer Garten Basel (Basel, Switzerland), and Zoogischer Garten Köln (Cologne, Germany).

Quarantine was provided by the Smithsonian National Zoo, Rio de Janeiro Primate Center, Chicago Zoological Society/Brookfield Zoo, Apeldoorn Primate Park, and Columbus Zoo.

Major funding for the reintroduction was provided by the Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Smithsonian National Zoo, and Zoologischer Garten Frankfurt.

In the table below, the GLTs are identified by their four-digit studbook number. A studbook number is a specific identifier that is assigned to each captive-born GLT and many wild-born descendants of the reintroduced GLTs and many wild GLTs as well. The studbook number is tattooed on the inner thigh of many of these GLTs for positive life-long identification. The higher the number, the more recently the GLT studbook keeper has assigned it. The studbook also identifies the parents of each GLT, which allows their genetic lineages to be traced.

Column 1 of the table lists the names of the 43 Institutions, in alphabetical order.

Column 2 is the studbook numbers of the GLTs that were born in each institution.

Column 3 is the studbook numbers of the GLTs that were transferred after birth to each institution.

Column 4 is the studbook numbers of the GLTs that were sent from each institution to pre-shipment quarantine. This does not include the pre-shipment quarantine itself, which occurred at the Smithsonian National Zoo, Rio de Janeiro Primate Center, Brookfield, Apeldoorn, or Columbus.

Please contact SGLT Board Member Ben Beck with questions.

 

Zoo

Birth

Between Birth and Reintroduction

Last Stop Prior to Reintroduction

Apenheul Primate Park (Apeldoorn, Netherlands)

2068, 2069, 2194, 2195

1375

1375, 2068, 2069, 2194, 2195

Audubon Park & Zoological Garden (New Orleans, Louisiana)

1007, 1356, 1357, 1399, 1400, 1447, 2371, 2372

2032, 1722

1007, 554, 1356, 1357, 1399, 1400, 1447, 2032, 1722, 2371, 2372

Belfast Zoological Gardens (Belfast, Ireland)

1375

 

 

Brandywine Zoo (Wilmington, Delaware)

2236

 

2236

Chicago Zoological Society/Brookfield Zoo (Brookfield, Illinois)

554, 1097, 1111, 2031, 2155, 2154, 1702, 2032, 2998, 3044, 3045, 3100, 1110

2430, 2668

1111, 2031, 2155, 2154, 2430, 2668, 2998, 3044, 3045, 3100, 1494, 1110

Cohanzick Zoo (Bridgeton, New Jersey)

 

1992

 

Denver Zoological Foundation (Denver, Colorado)

1154

 

 

Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust (Jersey, Channel Islands)

868, 1542, 1672, 1837, 1397, 1706

872

868, 872, 1542, 1672, 1837

El Paso Zoo (El Paso, Texas)

 

1697

1697

Fort Worth Zoo (Fort Worth, Texas)

1721, 1722, 2414

 

2414

Henry Doorly Zoo (Omaha, Nebraskas)

2436

 

 

Hogle Zoological Gardens (Salt Lake City, Utah)

 

1992

 

Honolulu Zoo (Honolulu, Hawaii)

2326, 2218

2326

2218

Kings Island (Mason, Ohio)

1103, 1268, 1267, 1178,1179, 1697

705

705, 1103, 1268,1267,1178, 1179

Lincoln Children’s Zoo (Lincoln, Nebraska)

1840, 1841, 1602, 2091, 2092, 1992

1013, 1079

1013, 1079, 1840, 1841, 2091, 2092

Los Angeles Zoo (Los Angeles, California)

1290, 1936, 1937, 2034, 2035, 738

740

740, 1290, 1936, 1937, 2034, 2035

Marwell Zoological Park (Winchester, U.K.)

1767, 2100, 2200, 2129, 1620, 2199

 

1767, 2100, 2200, 2129, 2199

Mill Mountain Zoo (Roanoke, Virginia)

2668

 

 

Milwaukee County Zoological Gardens (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)

 

1702

1702

Monkey Jungle (Miami, Florida)

808

 

 

Oklahoma City Zoo (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma)

1079, 872

 

 

Paignton Zoo (Paignton, U.K.)

2430

 

 

Penscynor Wildlife Park (Neath, U.K.)

1710, 1870, 1871

1154, 1164

1154, 1164, 1710, 1870, 1871

Potawatomi Zoo (South Bend, Indiana)

 

1985

 

Rio de Janeiro Primate Center (Guapimirim, Brazil)

1379, 1380, 1686, 1772, 1901, 1691, 1773, 2047, 2048, 2116, 2203

 

1379, 1380, 1686, 1772, 1901, 1691, 1773, 2047, 2048, 2116, 2203

Riverbanks Zoo (Columbia, South Carolina)

1490, 1491, 1745, 1746, 1855, 1156, 1432, 2023, 2061, 2167, 2168, 1450, 2407, 1985, 1632

990, 1086

990, 1086, 1490, 1491, 1745, 1746, 1855, 1432, 2023, 2061, 2167, 2168, 1632

San Antonio Zoological Gardens & Aquarium (San Antonio, Texas)

1164

657

657

Sedgwick County Zoo (Wichita, Kansas)

1248, 1249, 1384

808

808, 1248, 1249, 1384

Skansen-Akvariet (Stockholm, Sweden)

1817, 1972, 1613, 2342, 2343, 2315, 2316, 2317

 

1817, 1972, 1613, 2342, 2343, 2315, 2316, 2317

Smithsonian National Zoological Park (Washington, D.C.)

705, 1333, 800, 740, 657, 1041, 990, 1086, 1645, 1844, 1193, 1192, 1494, 1918

554,

1333, 800, 1041, 1645, 1844, 1992

Sunset Zoo (Manhattan, Kansas)

 

2436, 2407

 

Tulsa Zoo (Tulsa, Oklahoma)

1013, 1313

 

 

University of Nebraska (Omaha, Nebraska)

1726, 1910, 1911, 1949

1156, 1097, 1918

1156, 1097, 1726, 1910, 1911, 1949

Washington Park Zoo (Portland, Oregon)

 

 

1918

Woodland Park Zoo (Seattle, Washington)

1656, 1657, 1789

738, 1313

738, 1313, 1656, 1657, 1789

Wyld Court ?

 

2129

 

Zoo Atlanta (Atlanta, Georgia)

2718, 2719

2436, 2407, 2326, 2218

2436, 2407, 2718, 2719, 1985, 2326

Zoo Emmen (Emmen, Netherlands)

2191, 2283, 2324, 2323, 2190

1602, 1450

1602, 1450, 2191, 2283, 2324, 2323, 2190

Zoo Frankfurt (Frankfurt, Germany)

1759, 1953, 1407

 

1759, 1953,

Zoo La Palmyre (Les Mathes, France)

2009

1397, 1683, 2009

1397, 1683, 2009

Zoo Wuppertal (Wuppertal, Germany)

2211, 2320, 2321, 2368, 2369

 

1721, 2211, 2320, 2321, 2368, 2369

Zoologischer Garten Basel (Basel, Switzerland)

2145, 2405, 2249, 2406, 2272

1706, 1192

1706, 1192, 2145, 2405, 2249, 2406, 2272

Zoologischer Garten Köln (Cologne, Germany)

1683, 1908, 2182, 2185

1193, 1407

1193, 1407, 1908, 2182, 2185